{"id":11171,"date":"2025-11-28T10:00:00","date_gmt":"2025-11-28T10:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/vaidsics.com\/anthropology\/?p=11171"},"modified":"2026-09-09T12:46:31","modified_gmt":"2026-09-09T12:46:31","slug":"people-v-tigers-evicted-tribe-reserve-upsc","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vaidsics.com\/anthropology\/people-v-tigers-evicted-tribe-reserve-upsc\/","title":{"rendered":"People v Tigers: Evicted Indian Tribe Camps in Reserve to Reclaim Ancient Lands"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 data-start=\"387\" data-end=\"424\"><em data-start=\"391\" data-end=\"422\">theGuardian.org | 22 Aug 2025<\/em><\/h2>\n<h2 data-start=\"431\" data-end=\"517\"><strong data-start=\"434\" data-end=\"517\">Background: The Jenu Kuruba and Nagarhole\u2019s Transformation into a Tiger Reserve<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p data-start=\"519\" data-end=\"901\">The Jenu Kuruba, traditionally known for gathering forest honey, were forced out of Nagarhole during the 1980s when the region was declared a tiger reserve. They state that this displacement stripped them of their homes, community spaces, and religious sites. With no meaningful rehabilitation, many had few alternatives other than taking low-paid jobs on nearby coffee plantations.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"903\" data-end=\"1234\">A 2014 report commissioned by the Karnataka state government described the Jenu Kuruba as the <strong data-start=\"997\" data-end=\"1016\">\u201cmajor victims\u201d<\/strong> of displacement in the Nagarhole landscape. The same report also highlighted the existence of <strong data-start=\"1111\" data-end=\"1134\">\u201cvanished\u201d villages<\/strong>\u2014settlements not documented at the time because of their small population size and remote locations.<\/p>\n<h2 data-start=\"1241\" data-end=\"1292\"><strong data-start=\"1244\" data-end=\"1292\">Legal Framework: The Forest Rights Act, 2006<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p data-start=\"1294\" data-end=\"1480\">The Jenu Kuruba community\u2019s legal claim to the land inside the Nagarhole reserve is based on India\u2019s <strong data-start=\"1395\" data-end=\"1427\">Forest Rights Act (FRA) 2006<\/strong>.<br data-start=\"1428\" data-end=\"1431\">The law recognises that Indigenous groups have:<\/p>\n<ol data-start=\"1481\" data-end=\"1651\">\n<li data-start=\"1481\" data-end=\"1517\">\n<p data-start=\"1483\" data-end=\"1517\">the right to live on forest land<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"1518\" data-end=\"1566\">\n<p data-start=\"1520\" data-end=\"1566\">the right to manage and use forest resources<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"1567\" data-end=\"1651\">\n<p data-start=\"1569\" data-end=\"1651\">protection against displacement caused by earlier conservation-oriented policies<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p data-start=\"1653\" data-end=\"1754\">For the Jenu Kuruba, the FRA is not merely a policy\u2014it is the legal foundation of their return claim.<\/p>\n<h2 data-start=\"1761\" data-end=\"1829\"><strong data-start=\"1764\" data-end=\"1829\">The Return: Re-Entering the Forest to Reclaim Ancestral Space<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p data-start=\"1831\" data-end=\"2147\">In May, around <strong data-start=\"1846\" data-end=\"1874\">150 members of the tribe<\/strong> resolved that they would return to Nagarhole and rebuild shelters, irrespective of how forest reserve officials might respond. Shivu and other Jenu Kuruba campaigners have now been living in the forest for nearly <strong data-start=\"2088\" data-end=\"2104\">three months<\/strong>, establishing a protest-cum-survival camp.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"2149\" data-end=\"2281\">Their return is a symbolic assertion of their ancestral relationship with the forest\u2014a relationship they argue was unjustly severed.<\/p>\n<h2 data-start=\"2288\" data-end=\"2340\"><strong data-start=\"2291\" data-end=\"2340\">State Response: Demolition of New Settlements<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p data-start=\"2342\" data-end=\"2624\">Authorities, opposing any re-settlement inside the protected Nagarhole conservation zone, entered the reserve on <strong data-start=\"2455\" data-end=\"2466\">18 June<\/strong> and tore down <strong data-start=\"2481\" data-end=\"2504\">six of the shelters<\/strong> built by the community. This action came roughly a month after the tribe had re-established their presence on the land.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"2626\" data-end=\"2737\">The official stand remains focused on wildlife protection and strict no-settlement rules inside tiger reserves.<\/p>\n<h2 data-start=\"2744\" data-end=\"2822\"><strong data-start=\"2747\" data-end=\"2822\">Evidence of Past Settlements: Satellite Imagery and Historical Presence<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p data-start=\"2824\" data-end=\"3166\">The Jenu Kuruba, however, maintain that they possess <strong data-start=\"2877\" data-end=\"2908\">satellite imagery from 1965<\/strong> that clearly shows open clearings where their homes, shrines, and community spaces once existed. These areas have since become overgrown following their eviction, but to the tribe, the images serve as proof of long-standing habitation and cultural presence.<\/p>\n<p>Anthropology PYQ&#8217;s&nbsp;<br \/>1. \u201cExamine the impact of Forest Policies from 1878 to 2006 on land alienation and deprivation of rights of tribal communities in India.\u201d (15M\/2024)<br \/>2. \u201cExplain the impact of development-induced displacement among tribal people in India with examples.\u201d (20M\/2020)<br \/>3.&nbsp;&nbsp;\u201cDiscuss the impact of the Forest Rights Act (2006) on the livelihood and culture of tribal people in India.\u201d (20M\/2021)<\/p>\n<p><strong>Related on VAID ICS:<\/strong> <a href=\"\/anthropology\/anthropology-optional-upsc-complete-guide\/\">Anthropology Optional for UPSC: Complete Guide<\/a> | <a href=\"\/anthropology\/dongria-kondh-niyamgiri-mining-fight-upsc\/\">Dongria Kondh &#038; the Niyamgiri Forest Fight<\/a> | <a href=\"\/anthropology\/great-nicobar-project-shompen-tribe-upsc\/\">Great Nicobar Project &#038; the Shompen<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>An evicted Indian tribe camps inside a tiger reserve to reclaim its ancestral forest lands \u2014 a conservation-versus-tribal-rights flashpoint for UPSC Anthropology Paper II.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":11170,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_eb_attr":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[36,26,47,34],"tags":[83,54,79],"class_list":["post-11171","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-anthro-current-affairs","category-blogs","category-sarvagya-paper-2","category-tribal-india","tag-paper-2","tag-tribal-policies","tag-tribe"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v28.4 (Yoast SEO v28.4) - 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