5(c) Article 371A of the Indian Constitution.
10 Marks150 words
Syllabus: Paper II > Constitutional Safeguards > Special provisions > Article 371A
Somatometric and Somatoscopic Classification of Indian Populations — 2026 Paper II
Question · 2026 · Paper II · 15 Marks
Why the classifications of Indian populations, based on somatometric and somatoscopic characteristics failed to develop a common understanding of the population diversity?
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UPSC Anthropology Optional 2026 — Paper II
28 questions5(a) Buddhist tribes of India.
10 Marks150 words
Syllabus: Paper II > Tribal Situation in India > Religion among tribes > Buddhist tribes
Syllabus: Paper II > Caste System > Caste among non-Hindus > Comparative examples
Syllabus: Paper II > Growth of Anthropology in India > Colonial ethnography > North-East India
Syllabus: Paper II > Ethnoarchaeology in India > Method > General comparative analogy
Syllabus: Paper II > Constitutional Safeguards > Scheduled Castes > Provisions
Syllabus: Paper II > Traditional Indian Social System > Jajmani system > Debates
Syllabus: Paper II > Tribe and Polity > Democratic institutions > Impact on tribes
Syllabus: Paper II > Tribal Development > Planning > DAPST
Syllabus: Paper II > Tribal Development Programmes > Government schemes > DAJGUA and SDGs
1(a) Dravidian language family and its tribal speakers.
10 Marks150 words
Syllabus: Paper II > Tribal Situation in India > Linguistic classification > Dravidian family
Syllabus: Paper II > Village Studies > Caste, politics and change > Bailey's Bisipara
Syllabus: Paper II > Impact of Religion on Tribes > Christianity > Tribes of Jharkhand
Syllabus: Paper II > Evolution of Indian Culture > Indus Valley Civilization > Subsistence and script
1(e) Kumar Suresh Singh's contribution in studying tribal movements.
10 Marks150 words
Syllabus: Paper II > Tribal Movements > Typologies > Kumar Suresh Singh
5(e) Contribution of L. K. Ananthakrishna Iyer in Anthropology.
10 Marks150 words
Syllabus: Paper II > Growth of Anthropology in India > Pioneers > L. K. Ananthakrishna Iyer
Syllabus: Paper II > Problems of Tribal Communities > Contemporary challenges > Overview
Syllabus: Paper II > Prehistoric India > Mesolithic > Ganga basin sites
5(d) Nature-Man-Spirit-Complex.
10 Marks150 words
Syllabus: Paper II > Tribal Situation in India > Ecology and religion > Nature-Man-Spirit complex
Syllabus: Paper II > Development and Displacement > Movements > Niyamgiri
1(d) Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Group (PVTG) of the islands.
10 Marks150 words
Syllabus: Paper II > PVTGs > Island tribes > Andaman and Nicobar PVTGs
5(b) Debate regarding the phylogenetic position of Narmada Man.
10 Marks150 words
Syllabus: Paper II > Palaeo-anthropological evidence in India > Narmada Man > Phylogenetic debate
1(b) Seed Eaters Model of hominid differentiation.
10 Marks150 words
Syllabus: Paper II > Palaeo-anthropology > Hominid differentiation > Seed Eaters model
Syllabus: Paper II > Tribal Health > Genetic disorders > Sickle cell disease
Syllabus: Paper II > Indian Population > Racial classification > Somatometric and somatoscopic characters
Syllabus: Paper II > Tribe-Caste Continuum > Great tradition > Surajit Sinha
1(c) Tana Bhagat movement.
10 Marks150 words
Syllabus: Paper II > Tribal Movements > Reform and political movements > Tana Bhagat movement
Syllabus: Paper II > Tribal Policy > Approaches > Verrier Elwin and Panchsheel